Scientific Publications

Bariatric surgery durably alters the human gut microbiome. Here, Tremaroli et al. demonstrate that two types of bariatric surgery, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and vertical banded gastroplasty, produce long-term alterations of the gut microbiome independently of BMI and that these alterations modulate host metabolism and fat mass deposition.

Highlights

Summary:

Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective procedure for the treatment of obesity. Given the role of the gut microbiota in regulating host metabolism and adiposity, we investigated the long-term effects of bariatric surgery on the microbiome of patients randomized to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or vertical banded gastroplasty and matched for weight and fat mass loss. The two surgical procedures induced similar and durable changes on the gut microbiome that were not dependent on body mass index and resulted in altered levels of fecal and circulating metabolites compared with obese controls. By colonizing germ-free mice with stools from the patients, we demonstrated that the surgically altered microbiota promoted reduced fat deposition in recipient mice. These mice also had a lower respiratory quotient, indicating decreased utilization of carbohydrates as fuel. Our results suggest that the gut microbiota may play a direct role in the reduction of adiposity observed after bariatric surgery.

 Cell Metabolism Volume 22, Issue 2, p228–238, 4 August 2015

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2015.07.009

Authors:

Valentina Tremaroli^, Fredrik Karlsson^, Malin Werling, Marcus Ståhlman, Petia Kovatcheva-Datchary, Torsten Olbers, Lars Fändriks, Carel W. le Roux, Jens Nielsen, Fredrik Bäckhed

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Open access funded by European Research Council

© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.